High temperature/high pressure medium
1. Steam (>200℃)
A. Low pressure steam: carbon steel (WCB), 304 stainless steel
B. High pressure steam (>10 MPa): chrome-molybdenum steel (WC6, WC9), stainless steel CF8M (316)
C. Supercritical steam (>600℃): Inconel 625, silicon carbide ceramic (SiC)
2. High temperature gas (such as flue gas)
Material: 310S stainless steel, Incoloy 800H, silicon carbide ceramic
- Note: Sulfur-containing flue gas requires sulfur corrosion-resistant materials (such as high nickel alloy).
Oil medium
1. Crude oil/lubricating oil
Material: carbon steel (WCB), 316 stainless steel, Monel alloy
- Note: Sulfur-containing crude oil requires sulfur-resistant materials (such as Monel or duplex stainless steel).
2. Fuel oil/gasoline
Material: cast steel, 316 stainless steel, fluororubber lined valve
- Note: avoid copper alloy (may catalytic oxidation).
Strong oxidizing media
1. Chlorine (Cl₂, dry/wet)
A. Dry chlorine: carbon steel, 304 stainless steel (must be strictly water-free)
B. Wet chlorine: titanium alloy, Hastelloy C-276, PTFE lined valve
- Note: Wet Cl₂ is extremely corrosive to stainless steel.
2. Oxygen (O₂)
Material: stainless steel 316L (needs degreasing treatment), copper alloy (spark proof)
- Note: oil-free design to avoid explosion caused by high flow rate.
